Vishal Gaikwad, S.J.D.

Professor of Practice & Legal Technologist, Indigenous Peoples Law & Policy Program
Vishal Gaikwad Headshot

RH 201A

Pronouns:
he, him, his

Vishal Gaikwad is a Professor of Practice and Legal Technologist in the Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program (IPLP) at the University of Arizona’s James E. Rogers College of Law. He also serves as Administrator of the Pascua Yaqui Tribe–University of Arizona microcampus and Director of the Tribal Web Development Initiative. Across these roles, he combines teaching, research, and technology development to advance Indigenous rights, digital sovereignty, and educational access.

As a Co-Investigator on the Connect Arizona Now grant funded by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), Vishal led the development of immersive technology and digital infrastructure at the Microcampus. His work includes digital communications, hybrid learning systems, and tools that support remote instruction and participation.

Vishal designed, developed, and launched the IPLP mobile app, connecting students, alumni, faculty, and community members. Through the Tribal Web Development Initiative, he develops and maintains University-hosted platforms for Indigenous research, advocacy, and education, including the Indigenous Rights & Protected Areas website, NativeNet, and the Native American Advancement, Initiatives, and Research portal. Earlier, as an IPLP student worker, Vishal developed un.arizona.edu to support the work of José Francisco Calí Tzay, former United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, providing online access to mandate-related information and resources. His responsibilities span website development, searchable databases, accessibility, security, and digital outreach.

He teaches Tribal Web Development, combining practical website-building skills with Indigenous digital sovereignty, with particular attention to the Native Sovereign Nations (NSN.gov) Domain Program. He holds a Doctor of Juridical Science from the IPLP, where his dissertation examined websites as tools for advancing Indigenous Peoples’ human rights and self-representation. His Sovereign Source Theory (SST) proposes strengthening Indigenous control over the authoritative digital sources that inform AI systems.

Publications:

  • From Colonial Bots to IndigiAI: The Complex Role of AI in Indigenous Advocacy (Full Article)
  • Who Controls AI? Introducing Sovereign Source Theory for Indigenous Peoples’ Control over the Sources of Artificial Intelligence
    Paper presented at AI in Context: Indigenous Peoples, Governance, and Justice, Department of Law & Anthropology, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle (Saale), Germany, September 8–10, 2026.

Degrees

  • Doctor of Juridical Science (The University of Arizona, IPLP) Class of 2023
  • Master of Laws (Brooklyn Law School, NY) Class of 2017
  • Bachelor of Laws (Mumbai University, India) Class of 2016
  • Bachelor of Commerce (Mumbai University, India) Class of 2012

Work Experience

  • Administrator, Pascua Yaqui Tribe - University of Arizona microcampus (July 2025)
  • Professor of Practice - Legal Technologist, IPLP (July 2024)
  • Web Developer Lead, IPLP (August 2023 – June 2024)
  • Student Research Assistant (September 2020 – July 2023)

Awards

  • James E. Rogers College of Law Ralph E. Long Memorial Award 2023
  • Williams Achievement Award

Teaching Interests

Tribal web development; Indigenous digital sovereignty; the Native Sovereign Nations (NSN.gov) Domain Program; law, technology, and AI governance; digital tools for Indigenous human rights advocacy; technology-supported education.

Research Interests

Indigenous digital sovereignty and online self-representation; Sovereign Source Theory; Indigenous authority over digital sources that inform artificial intelligence; AI and Indigenous human rights advocacy; digital infrastructure for Indigenous legal resources and education.