The Pololeti Game Reserve
It is a large, multi-use protected area that encompasses diverse landscapes, including savannahs, forests, and highland plains.https://www.ngorongorocratertanzania.org/
The Conservation area https://www.ngorongorocratertanzania.org/
The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979, underwent significant boundary modifications in 2010. Covering a vast expanse of 809,440 hectares, it meets UNESCO criteria (iv), (vii), (viii), (ix), and (x). The relevant dossier is filed under 39bis.https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/39/
In a pioneering initiative in March, Carbon Tanzania initiated initial payments to approximately 1,300 Hadza and neighboring cattle-herding tribes in the Yaeda Valley, northern Tanzania. This innovative social enterprise aims to deliver nearly half a million dollars annually, serving as an incentive for safeguarding the woodland hunting and grazing grounds, encompassing an area larger than New York City.https://e360.yale.edu/features/in-tanzania-carbon-offsets-preserve-forests-and-a-way-of-life
PASTORALISTS INDIGENOUS NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION'S FORUM (PINGOs)
Phone: +255-786-542525
Email: info@pingosforum.or.tz
PASTORAL WOMEN’S COUNCIL (PWC)
Email: pwctanzania@gmail.com
LEGAL AND HUMAN RIGHTS CENTER (LHRC)
Phone: +255 (0) 2773038/48
Email: lhrc@humanrights.or.tz
TANZANIA HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS COALITION (THRDC)
Phone: +255 769 642 208
Email: info@thrdc.or.tz
UJAMAA COMMUNITY RESOURCE TEAM (UCRT)
Phone: +255 767 568 444
Email: info@ujamaa-crt.or.tz
The protected area received financial support, including USD 50,000 from Switzerland, USD 35,000 from the Netherlands, USD 20,000 from the United Nations, and USD 8,000 from Tanzania for community consultation in 2013-2014. Furthermore, a sustainable tourism strategy was funded with USD 50,000 from the Flanders Funds-in-Trust in 2014-2015. Up to 2023, 16 international assistance requests were approved, totaling USD 290,386 from 1979 to 2014.https://whc.unesco.org/en/soc/3255/
The Indigenous Heartland Organization (IHO) received a $10,000 grant to develop community participation tools to safeguard the Ngorongoro Crater rim from inappropriate tourism development. Originally scheduled from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2016, the project was extended upon request, concluding on April 2017. https://www.cepf.net/sites/default/files/sg70733-final-report.pdf
The African World Heritage Fund is leading the project's execution in South Africa, Zambia, and Malawi in collaboration with the UNESCO World Heritage Centre and the UNESCO Harare Office. Simultaneously, the UNESCO Dar Es Salaam Office is at the forefront of implementing the project for the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. The project is funded through generous contributions from the Government of Flanders (Belgium), the IRIS Foundation, and the Deliver as One fund of Tanzania.https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1253
USAID Promoting Tanzania’s Environment, Conservation and Tourism (PROTECT)https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WHTX.pdf
The Frankfurt Zoological Society, in a 2020 project, focuses on safeguarding the Critically Endangered eastern black rhino in the Ngorongoro-Serengeti-Mara Ecosystems of Tanzania. The initiative aids government protection institutions by offering aerial surveillance, vehicle maintenance, and overhauling off-road patrol vehicles. This support enhances the capacity for monitoring and protecting the vital wild black rhino population, aligning with Tanzania's objective of achieving >5% annual growth in rhino numbers.https://rhinorecoveryfund.org/projects/
The management of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA)
MR RICHARD R. KIIZA: Conservation Commissioner (CC) and Chief Conservator: freddy.manongi@ncaa.go.tz
DR. CHRISTOPHER TIMBUKA: Deputy Conservation Commissioner (DCC): christopher.timbuka@ncaa.go.tz
MR. NEEDPEACE WABUYA: Deputy Conservation Commissioner (DCC): needpeace.wambuya@ncaa.go.tz
The Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT).
LOCATED: Capital City of Tanznia: Dodoma
Contact:
(+255) 22 2861870,
(+255) 22 2861871,
(+255) 22 2861872
Fax: (+255) 22 2864217
MINISTER: Hon. Angellah Jasmine Mbelwa Kairuki
DEPUTY MINISTER: Mr. Dunstan Luka Kitandula
The Frankfurt Zoological Society: info@zgf.de
The World Bank: lnabeta@worldbank.org
USAID Tanzania: amyoung@usaid.gov
The early 1910s marked the commencement of exploration in the Ngorongoro Crater, leading to the British colonial administration declaring it a game reserve in 1921 for its distinctive ecological features. In the 1950s, the area evolved into the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, embracing a pioneering land-use approach under British rule, harmonizing wildlife preservation and Maasai habitation. Recognizing its exceptional value, the NCA attained UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 1979. The establishment of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) in 1959, later formalized in 1963, solidified its role in overseeing conservation, wildlife management, and community engagement. The unique coexistence model, allowing the Maasai to maintain their pastoralist lifestyle, remains integral.https://www.ngorongorocratertanzania.org/
The forcible eviction was part of a plan to annex 1,502 km2 of village land in Loliondo, carried out through Government Notices and acts that violated the Constitution of Tanzania, Land Act, Village Land Act, and Wildlife Conservation Act, among others. These actions included establishing and upgrading the Pololeti Game Controlled Area (PGCA) to the Pololeti Game Reserve (PGR), directly contradicting legal frameworks.https://www.iwgia.org/en/tanzania/5063-iw-2023-tanzania.html
The annexation of 1,502 km2 for the Pololeti Game Reserve has deprived 14 villages in Loliondo and Sale Divisions of vital resources, leading to intense conflicts between Maasai pastoralists and wildlife authorities. Livestock entering the reserved area face capture and auction, severely impacting pastoralists who rely on this land for crucial dry-season grazing, resulting in substantial losses for villages like Arash, Piyaya, and Malambo..https://www.iwgia.org/en/tanzania/5063-iw-2023-tanzania.html
In June 2022, the Tanzanian government forcibly evicted Indigenous Maasai pastoralists from 14 villages in Loliondo, displacing an estimated 500 people, with ongoing threats, arbitrary arrests, and violations of human, land, and natural resource rights and resulting in violent clashes with at least 40 injuries, including children and vulnerable individuals. The annexation of 1,502 km2 for the Pololeti Game Reserve triggered conflicts, negatively impacting pastoralists, causing loss of village land, destruction of homesteads, gender-based violence, and economic hardships, highlighting severe human rights abuses and circumvention of laws.https://www.iwgia.org/en/tanzania/5063-iw-2023-tanzania.html
In a grave violation, 240 homesteads were demolished, rendering around 600 Maasai individuals homeless, forcing approximately 500 to flee to Kenya. Maasai leaders and human rights defenders faced harassment, while repression targeted those organizing meetings and protests. A "media blackout" was imposed, denying access to the area, and dozens faced arbitrary arrests, accused of crimes related to a police officer's death during protests.https://www.iwgia.org/en/tanzania/5286-the-impact-of-conservation-on-indigenous-peoples-a-case-study-of-the-loliondo-pastoralists-in-tanzania.html
In response to President Samia Suluhu's directives, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority issued eviction notices and demolition orders on April 12, 2021, affecting schools, dispensaries, police stations, and more. Although the order was rescinded, ongoing threats and government actions, including harassment, arrests, and media restrictions, have led to widespread protests against the forced relocation of Maasai residents, with major demonstrations and highway blockades within the Ngorongoro Conservation Area on February 28, 2022.https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/indigenouspeoples/sr/callforinputcovidrecoverysubmissions/2022-07-28/MaasaiIndigenousResidentsofNgorongoroConservationArea.pdf
The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, established in 1959, encompasses diverse landscapes, including highland plains, savanna, woodlands, and forests, with no reported overlapping violations from extractive activities or industries.https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/39/
Despite repeated attempts, including meetings in 2008 and presentations at the UN Permanent Forum in 2011, the Indigenous community's pleas to UNESCO about the negative impact on their rights in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area were consistently overlooked. A petition sent to UNESCO's grievance mechanism in August 2021 also went unanswered, highlighting ongoing challenges in seeking genuine dialogue and accountability.https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/indigenouspeoples/sr/callforinputcovidrecoverysubmissions/2022-07-28/MaasaiIndigenousResidentsofNgorongoroConservationArea.pdf
http://parliament.go.tz/polis/uploads/bills/acts/1452145936-ActNo-5-2009.pdf
https://procedures.tic.go.tz/media/The%20Land%20Registration%20Act.%20Cap%20334.pdf
http://parliament.go.tz/polis/uploads/bills/acts/1457510809-ActNo-4-1999.pdf
https://media.tanzlii.org/files/legislation/akn-tz-act-1999-5-eng-2019-11-30.pdf
https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/tan8960.pdf
https://www.nemc.or.tz/uploads/publications/sw-1576228517-ema%20act2004.pdf
To be completed by the affected peoples on the ground
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/39/
https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/nominations/39bis.pdf
https://www.cepf.net/sites/default/files/sg70733-social-assessment.pdf
https://www.fao.org/3/x0271e/x0271e06.htm
https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1253
https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11685070_02.PDF
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/7B%20-%20URTanzania%20-%20Ngorongoro%2020161202%20public%20(1).pdf
https://aldf.org/focus_area/wildlife/?gad_source
https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TZ1Q.pdf
https://www.iwgia.org/en/tanzania/5063-iw-2023-tanzania.html
https://pingosforum.or.tz/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Loliondo-Community-Report.pdf
https://ntz.info/gen/n01216.html
.https://www.my.tzembassy.go.tz/resources/view/the-truth-about-loliondo-game-controlled-area
https://www.oaklandinstitute.org/east-african-court-justice-tanzanian-maasai-trample-human-rights